Infertility Related to Endometriosis

Infertility related to endometriosis is a health condition that occurs when the tissue lining the inner surface of a woman's uterus, known as the endometrium, grows outside this region.

The normal endometrium thickens on the inner lining of the uterus as part of the menstrual cycle each month, preparing for a potential pregnancy. In response to the question of what causes endometriosis, it can be said that this tissue can be observed growing outside the uterus, usually in areas near the uterus, and sometimes in more distant areas. Adenomyosis is a related condition that can coexist with endometriosis but is somewhat distinct. It's also a pathological issue within the female reproductive system. While they can occur together in some cases, they generally develop at different times.

Furthermore, the answers to the questions "What does a chocolate cyst mean?" and "Where does a chocolate cyst occur?" are also the same. The endometrial layer thickens as part of the menstrual cycle each month, preparing for pregnancy. If this doesn't happen, the new endometrial tissue is expelled from the body as menstrual bleeding.

The endometrium plays a crucial role during pregnancy by providing a receptive environment for the embryo to implant in the uterus. If a fertilized egg reaches the uterus, this structure transforms into a necessary bed for the embryo to attach to and receive nourishment. Under normal circumstances, this process is expected to repeat until pregnancy occurs. However, conditions like endometriosis can lead to various issues such as pain, inflammation, and even infertility.

What Are the Symptoms of Endometriosis?

There are several common symptoms of endometriosis among many patients. These are listed below as bullet points, followed by explanations.

• Painful menstrual periods
• Pelvic pain
• Pain during sexual intercourse
• Bleeding between periods
• Painful urination or bowel movements

Before asking what endometriosis is and how it is treated, it's important to understand the symptoms well. Patients with endometriosis often experience painful menstrual periods. They may feel more intense and prolonged discomfort compared to normal menstrual cramps. Additionally, constant or intermittent pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic area is a common symptom. This pain can increase over time.

Similarly, patients might feel discomfort during urination or bowel movements. This symptom arises due to the impact on the tissues in the pelvic region. Furthermore, individuals with endometriosis might experience pain during sexual intercourse. This is often attributed to inflammation and tissue changes in the affected area. Chronic fatigue is also another common symptom among individuals in the same group. The symptoms of adenomyosis are similar to these.

Methods for the Diagnosis of Endometriosis

There are various methods used for diagnosing endometriosis. With advancements in modern medicine, the chances of early diagnosis have increased. It is now one of the diseases that can be diagnosed quickly. During a doctor-patient examination, the symptoms are first discussed to establish a general understanding of the condition. Symptoms like pain, menstrual irregularities, and pelvic issues form the initial step of the diagnostic process.

Subsequently, a pelvic examination can be conducted to assess the sensitivity of the abdomen and the relevant area. This examination can provide clues about the symptoms of endometriosis. Abdominal ultrasonography can be used to visualize the pelvic region. This method can reveal changes in the ovaries or the distribution of structures in that area. Additionally, another method, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), is used to examine the organs in the area in more detail. These imaging methods assist in displaying the spread of endometriosis and the tissues it affects.

On the other hand, obtaining tissue from the uterus is one of the most commonly used methods in the diagnosis phase. This procedure is performed without making incisions. A thin tube and camera called an endoscope (laparoscope) are used to examine the organs within the abdomen. Laparoscopy is the most accurate method for diagnosing endometriosis and can also be used for therapeutic purposes. The collected tissue samples are sent to the laboratory for histopathological examination. After this examination, the samples are studied, and the presence of lesions related to the disease is confirmed.

How Is Endometriosis Treated? 

The treatment of endometriosis and adenomyosis varies based on the severity of symptoms, the patient's age, desire for pregnancy, and overall health. Treatment approaches include medication and surgical options. Medication treatment may involve pain relievers and hormonal medications. Hormonal therapy aims to regulate the menstrual cycle and alleviate symptoms.

Surgical treatment aims to completely remove or at least destroy lesions associated with the condition. These can be removed or cauterized through laparoscopic surgery. Additionally, in cases of severe symptoms or when pregnancy is not desired, a hysterectomy (removal of the uterus and sometimes ovaries) might be considered. Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), offer options for individuals contemplating whether endometriosis or adenomyosis hinders pregnancy. The treatment plan is personalized for each individual and determined through the doctor's evaluation.

For endometriosis and adenomyosis, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for pregnancy prospects. Op. Dr. Nurettin Türktekin, who performs top-quality IVF treatments in Turkey, offers comfortable and secure solutions for all women concerned about the risk of infertility. All you need to do is schedule a comprehensive consultation at his clinic. Don't postpone your dream of having children and a healthy sexual life. For detailed information about procedures and to schedule an appointment, please reach out to us through our contact information.