Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal disorders that affects women's reproductive health. This condition leads to the formation of small cysts in the ovaries and can result in serious health issues such as irregular menstrual cycles, hormonal imbalances, and even infertility.

To answer the question "What is polycystic ovary syndrome?" more comprehensively, it can be described as a condition where the ovaries are filled with cysts containing around 12 or more follicles each, nearly at any given time. In this condition, the ovaries become enlarged compared to normal, and the process of ovulation becomes irregular. Additionally, it causes hormonal imbalances due to an increase in androgens, which are male hormones.

The distinction between polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome should be understood. The latter can present with a variety of symptoms. If at least two of the symptoms such as irregular periods, excessive hair growth, etc., occur together, then it's referred to as PCOS. Moreover, individuals with PCOS are often found to have obesity within the same group. This way, the question "What is polycystic ovary syndrome?" can be accurately answered.

While the exact cause of PCOS is not fully understood, it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Additionally, insulin resistance is considered a significant factor in the development of this condition. Insulin resistance reduces the body's ability to respond to the insulin hormone, leading to increased insulin production. Elevated insulin levels contribute to increased androgen production, further contributing to the development of this condition. Nowadays, many individuals wonder if "can polycystic ovary syndrome be cured?"

Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome can be identified through certain conditions that may negatively impact women's lives. The most commonly observed ones include:

• Irregular or absent menstrual cycles.
• Excessive hair loss and facial hair growth.
• Acne problems.
• Excessive weight gain or difficulty losing weight.
• Abdominal pain and sensitivity.
• Mood swings and feelings of depression.

These are considered primary symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome. Among them, irregular menstruation is the most commonly observed symptom, particularly among girls aged 14 to 20.

Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

The diagnosis process of polycystic ovary syndrome involves evaluating symptoms, conducting a physical examination, hormone tests, and other medical assessments. Initially, the patient's symptoms and medical history are assessed. Symptoms like irregular menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth, acne, and weight gain can suggest PCOS. Information about how long the symptoms have been present and their progression is collected.

The doctor measures the patient's body mass index (BMI) and assesses weight distribution. Additionally, physical signs like skin condition, hair loss, and body hair are examined. Blood tests are conducted to evaluate hormone levels, particularly follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone levels.

Before diagnosing PCOS, other possible causes need to be ruled out. For instance, other conditions like thyroid problems or adrenal gland issues could cause similar symptoms. After these steps, the patient's symptoms, hormone levels, and ultrasound results are combined to establish a diagnosis. Since every patient is unique, the diagnosis process may require a personalized approach. Women with this condition should collaborate with a specialized healthcare professional to create a treatment plan and focus on managing symptoms.

Treatment Methods for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome varies based on the severity of symptoms and the patient's lifestyle. As a first step, adopting healthy lifestyle habits is important. Regular exercise, managing high blood pressure, weight control, healthy eating, and stress reduction can help balance hormones. Weight loss, especially in obese or overweight individuals, can improve menstrual regularity and hormone levels.

Doctors may prescribe oral contraceptives (birth control pills) to alleviate irregular menstruation, excessive hair growth, and skin issues. Other medications are available to correct hormone imbalances and promote ovulation. If insulin resistance is present, medications that enhance insulin sensitivity might be recommended.

If pregnancy is planned, a specialist might prescribe ovulation-stimulating medications. These can help the ovaries produce eggs regularly. In rare cases, if the cysts are large or causing severe pain, surgical intervention might be necessary. Cysts can be removed using a minimally invasive surgical technique called laparoscopy. Additionally, some women with PCOS conceive without treatment.

Polycystic ovary treatment generally focuses on symptom management and is personalized to each patient's needs. The entire process may require regular doctor visits and monitoring. When deciding which method to use, the patient's medical history and overall condition should be considered. Once the appropriate approach is chosen, PCOS-related symptoms can be managed, and the individual's quality of life can be improved. In modern medicine, various options are available to address concerns about how to treat polycystic ovaries, starting with medical interventions.

Women with polycystic ovary syndrome have a chance of becoming pregnant. You can enhance this chance through treatment at the clinic of Op. Dr. Nurettin Türktekin. For detailed information about procedures and to schedule an appointment, please contact us using the provided contact information.