Natural killer cells (NK), also known as natural killer cells, are a type of lymphocyte cell in the body.
They are produced in a person's bone marrow. They are also found in other places, such as the spleen, before joining the bloodstream. They are part of the body's natural immunity and can be activated without the need for stimulation. Their principle of action is not direct destruction. They attack cells taken over by viruses, cancer cells.
Natural killer cells, which play an important role throughout people's lives, also have an important effect on pregnancy. In addition to the questions of what is infertility, it is an issue that women face. If NK cells are high in a person considering pregnancy, this indicates a negative situation, making it difficult for the baby to attach to the uterus. Because the majority of the cells in the uterus of a person who wants to become a mother are these cells. Women who have miscarried, have reproductive problems, or have failed in vitro fertilization treatment are very likely to have a problem with these cells.
Various methods are used to detect the presence and activity of Natural Killer cells. The research of patients wondering how to understand infertility can lead to the relationship of these cells with pregnancy. Th1 and Th2 indicators or CD56 tests can be used to detect these lymphocytes.
CD56 is the name of an antigen or protein molecule found on the cell surface. This antigen is found on the surface of various cell types such as natural killer (NK) cells, neurons, and some lymphocyte subtypes. It is a marker used to distinguish and identify cell types. Natural killer cells specifically carry the CD56 molecule and are distinguished from other cell types by this feature.
Th1 and Th2, on the other hand, refer to different subtypes of T lymphocytes. These are white blood cells that also play an important role in the regulation of the immune system. There are about 2 trillion of them in the human body. In terms of mass, they are roughly the same as the brain or liver.
Problems with NK cells before or during pregnancy can occur, especially in cases of recurrent miscarriage risk or consecutive pregnancy loss. In such cases, treatment approaches should be strictly individualized and meticulously planned by a specialist.
Intravenous infusion of Intralipid is used as an approach to regulate the overactivity of natural killer cells. Intralipid is an oil-containing infusion solution. It is often used for nutritional support or other medical purposes. It has also been proposed as a treatment for women with recurrent pregnancy loss due to some of its effects, which are believed to help regulate the activity of NKs
Overactive NK cells can cause adverse effects on the placenta and fetus, which can lead to a serious problem for the patient. Intralipid infusion works to regulate this overactivity by altering the balance of the immune system. It is given through a vein by a competent healthcare professional. The duration and dose of administration is determined according to the doctor's recommendations. Usually, the infusion lasts several hours.
The frequency and duration of treatment also varies depending on the individual. Steroids, on the other hand, can also be used to regulate overactive killer cells due to their suppressive effect on the immune system. This treatment approach aims to reduce the negative effects of NKs on the placenta and fetus.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a method used to give couples suffering from infertility a chance of pregnancy. This treatment process can also be linked to the immune system, as this has a major influence on the successful achievement of pregnancy.
The immune system is a complex system that is responsible for protecting the body against infections. However, during pregnancy, the immune response is more complex. The mother's body may recognize the fetus as a foreign substance and react against it. During the implantation phase, when the embryo is attached to the lining of the uterus, there is a risk of rejection by the immune system.
On the other hand, the same immune system is a complex system in charge of protecting the body against infections. During pregnancy, however, its response is a bit more complicated. The mother's body may perceive the fetus as a foreign substance and react against it. During the implantation phase, when the embryo is attached to the lining of the uterus, there is a risk of rejection by the mother's own immune system.
However, during in vitro fertilization treatment, some doctors may choose specific treatment approaches for the patient in order to modulate the immune system's response. For example, immunosuppressive drugs or corticosteroids can be used to control the immune system's overreaction. This increases the chances of the embryo attaching to the uterus.
It is important to remember that the relationship between the immune system and pregnancy, which is analyzed under immunologic factors, is a complex issue and each individual's situation may be different. A good understanding of the symptoms, accurate diagnosis, planning the treatment process, and taking all factors into account greatly increase the chances of success. With the guidance of the doctor, it is necessary to create a customized treatment plan. Op. Dr. Nurettin Türktekin, who performs the best IVF treatment in Turkey, is waiting for all people with infertility problems to his clinic. You can contact us from our contact information.
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs or vesicles seen inside the ovary. Normally, during each menstrual period, a cyst called a follicle, which carries the egg cell and can reach 3 cm in size, forms in the ovaries. Then this cyst cracks and the egg is released. In young girls with ovulation problems, normal or physiological follicle cysts that cannot rupture can grow every month and reach 5-10 cm, while small numbers of 0.5-1 cm in size, which we call polycystic ovaries, can be seen in series. Apart from these functional cysts, benign or malignant ovarian cysts can also be seen in all age groups.
Except for the most common functional ovarian cysts, cysts can be benign or malignant tumoral cysts. In addition, as a result of infection, abscess-shaped cysts may occur, which is usually accompanied by pain and high fever.
The activity of these cells can increase or decrease during pregnancy. A balanced immune response is important for a healthy pregnancy.
These lymphocytes work to recognize other cells in the body and detect and neutralize foreign ones. However, sometimes NK cells can mistakenly recognize their own body cells as foreign and attack them. This leads to autoimmune diseases because the immune system should normally tolerate body cells.
Natural killer cells can recognize and neutralize target cells through antibodies. Antibodies can be said to facilitate this connection.
