In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the effective methods offered by modern medicine for couples who are unable to have children. However, it does not always result in success. The treatment process can be physically, emotionally, and financially intense for couples. Nevertheless, the failure of the treatment does not mean that the process is completely over.
In the case of failure, identifying the correct reasons and taking appropriate steps can increase the chances of success in subsequent attempts. At this point, understanding the reasons for failure and reevaluating the process with expert support is crucial. Everyone should pay attention to this and make an effort to take the necessary actions.
The causes behind failed IVF treatments can vary, such as embryo quality, uterine problems, genetic factors, and hormonal imbalances. Additionally, stress, lifestyle habits, and environmental factors continue to be elements that affect the success rate.
In such a situation, it is critical for couples to maintain their morale and, with the help of an expert team, conduct a comprehensive evaluation to shape future treatment plans. Properly analyzing the causes of failure also helps in determining the roadmap for achieving a more successful result.
The reasons for failure in IVF treatment are addressed as follows:
Embryo Quality: One of the most common reasons for failure is poor embryo quality. Embryo quality is dependent on the genetic structure and the rate of cellular division. Genetic abnormalities can prevent a healthy pregnancy from occurring.
Uterine Factors: The endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus, may not be thick enough to support embryo implantation. The presence of polyps, fibroids, or adhesions in the uterus can also prevent embryo implantation.
Egg and Sperm Quality: A low ovarian reserve or poor-quality eggs in women can make fertilization difficult. Abnormalities in sperm count, motility, or morphology in men can affect embryo quality.
Immune System Problems: Some immune system disorders can prevent the embryo from attaching to the uterus. For example, an overactive immune system may perceive the embryo as a foreign substance and reject it. Such cases are increasingly common today.
Hormonal Imbalances: Hormonal imbalances negatively affect ovarian function and the preparation of the endometrial lining for embryo implantation. Conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also lead to IVF failure. Each factor should be investigated.
Age Factor: The age of the woman plays an undoubtedly significant role in the success rate of IVF treatment. For women over 35, egg quality can decrease due to genetic disorders. Male age can also affect sperm quality.
Lifestyle Factors: Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, stress, and unhealthy nutrition can negatively affect the success of IVF treatment. Excess weight or obesity can disrupt hormonal balance and make it difficult for the embryo to implant in the uterus.
The steps to take in the event of failure are listed as follows:
Thorough Investigation of Causes: After failure, a detailed examination should be performed. Underlying causes should be identified using methods like genetic tests, hysterosalpingography (HSG), or hysteroscopy. Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) can also be conducted to evaluate the genetic makeup of embryos.
Uterine and Endometrial Treatment: Structural issues in the uterus can be corrected through surgical methods. To improve endometrial quality, treatments like PRP therapy, hormone support, or special medications can be used.
Improving Egg and Sperm Quality: Methods to enhance egg quality, such as coenzyme Q10, DHEA, or antioxidant supplements, are tried for women. For men, diet, lifestyle changes, or medical treatments can be applied to improve sperm quality.
Managing Immune System Problems: For immune system-related issues, corticosteroids, intralipid infusions, or other immunological treatments can be used.
Lifestyle Changes: It is extremely important to quit smoking and alcohol consumption, and adopt healthy and balanced eating habits. Regular exercise and learning stress management techniques contribute positively to the success of the treatment.
Alternative Treatment Options: If the first attempt fails, a different treatment protocol should be applied. For example, natural cycle IVF or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be tried.
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